Explanation Text

Generic Structure of Explanation Text

1. General Statement

Stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.

2. Sequenced of Explanation

Stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.

Purpose of Explanation Text

1. Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and

cultural phenomena.

2. To explain how or why something happens

Language Features of Explanation Text

In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :

– Using simple present tense

– Using abstract noun (no visible noun)

– Using Passive voice

– Using Action verbs

– Containing explanation of the process ..

What’s the difference between an information text and an explanation text?

Instructional text is sequencing an event, action or process by telling someone what to do. See above for an example.

Explanation text describes something non-fiction, it typically explains 'why' we do something as well as the full process.

example of explanation text

Geyser

A geyser is the result of underground water under the combined conditions of high temperatures and increased pressure beneath the surface of the earth. Since temperature rises approximately 1 F for every sixty feet under the earth's surface, and pressure increases with depth, the water that seeps down in crack and fissures until it reaches very hot rock in the earth interior becomes heated to temperature in excess of 290 F. Because of the greater pressure, the water shoots out of the surface in the form of steam and hot water. The result is a geyser. In order to function, then a geyser must have a source of heat, reservoir where water can be stored until the temperature rises to an unstable point, an opening through which the hot water and steam can escape, and underground channels for resupplying water after an eruption.

Favorable conditions for geyser exist in some regions of the world including New Zealand, Iceland, and the Yellowstone National Park area of the United States. The most famous geyser in the world is Old Faithfull in Yellow Park. Old Faithfull erupts almost every hour, rising to a height of 125 to 170 feet and expelling more than ten thousand gallons during each eruption.

make a question

1.Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to build up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.

The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contain digestive juices which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into stomach. Here, the food is

mixed with juices secreted by the cells in stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

The purpose of the text is …..

A.To explain the process involved in digestion

B.To inform the readers about important part of human body.

C.To entertain or amuse the readers

D. To persuade people that men have millions of cells

2. “Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.” (Paragraph 1) The phrase “made up” means ….

A. produced

B. managed

C. arranged

D. constructed

3.What is the text about?

A. The digestive system

B. The digestive juice

C. The method of the digestive system

D. The process of intestine work

4.Rainbow occurs because of the refraction of light. The sunlight that shines in between the rain drops is refracted by the rain drops. This process separates the white light of the sunlight into a spectrum of different colors.

The spectrum of colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Or what we often memorize as the abbreviation "ROY G BIV / mejikuhibiniu.” Then the colors reflect in the back drops of rain, resulting the light which looks arched and becomes the rainbow.

The text above explains about .......

A. Sunlight

B. Spectrum

C.Rainbow

D. Refraction of light

5. The different parts of the world have the same season at different times. In the northern half of the world, winter happens during the months of December, January, and Febuary. The regions are such North America and Europe. In the other land, the southern half of the world have winter during the months of June, July, and August. The regions are like South America and Australia. How does this difference happen? The same season happens at different times because the top and bottom halves of the Earth tilt away from the Sun at different times.

What kind of text is it?

a. Recount

b. Report

c. Explanation

d. Narrative

exercise page 11-15